[ExpertScie]

Cancer is nothing but the shift in the control mechanisms that govern cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. These changes occur basically in DNA and cause the uncontrolled cell divisions and cause a tumor formation. Tumor is non cancerous and non moving one or malignant tumor (cancerous), which can spread from one part to another part in the body. Cancer can be categorized as Carcinoma – occurs in skin, Sarcoma- occurs in bone, connective tissue, Leukemia- in blood or blood forming tissue, Lymphoma & myeloma- in immune system, and CNS cancer- in brain or spinal cord. Cancer may occur by any mean which causes the mutation in DNA of cell. Mutation may occur by environmental exposure, due to hereditary, due to radiation, chemical exposure, age, nutrition, infection, damage to cell etc. all may cause cancer. If DNA repairs system not able to correct the same then mutation results in to cancer.
Treatment to the cancer is now a day’s very much possible with the development of technology and research in genetic engineering. With the help of Genetic engineering, gene therapy, knowledge of cell biology, immunology, and genetics along with biotechnology in combine are working to find out the solutions for many types of cancer. Stopping the expression of DNA in cancer cell, or correcting the mutation in cancer cell with gene therapy, using Aptamers to find the tumor cell or group of cell which are mainly involve in cancer, using the immunity of patient to kill the cell by enhancing the immunity etc are the new ways being developed along with new discoveries in biotechnology. Also Nanotechnology and Genetics along with biotechnology are used to deliver the drug specifically at the cancer site which will kill the cell without damage to the other organs or cells which are non-cancerous. A special genetically engineered cell which kills the targeted tumor cells in the body without any side effect this employ 3D imaging technology like MRI, SCANS etc. Many more methods are now being developed to treat the cancer with help of Genetic Engineering, Nanotechnology, Cell biology, Immunology and Enzymology !