10-03-2012, 11:38 PM
Bio-fertilizer is very vast subject, it just does not mean fertilizer form microbial source. Today many plant extracts, composted urban waste, microbial mixture, and organic compound also coined as bio-fertilizers. Bio-fertilizers are defined as substance which contains micro-organism which colonizes with the interior walls of the plant and promotes their growth by increasing the availability of primary nutrients or growth stimulators!
Bio-fertilizers are broadly categorized in three ways as Nitrogen Fixing, Phosphate mobilizing, and organic matter decomposers. All these have their own type of role and play a very important role in maintaining the health of plant throughout their life cycle, continuing the soil quality and in increasing the yield without any side effect to environment. Thus they are eco-friendly as compared to chemical fertilizers. Microbes which are involved in Nitrogen fixing are – Rhizobium, Azatobacter, and Azospirillium. These microbes contains unique gene called as Nif-Gene which make them capable of fixing nitrogen. Another type is Phosphate mobilizing, these are – Bacillus pseudomonas, Species of Aspergillus species and VA Mycorrhiza . The decomposers of Organic matter are – Cellulomonas and Arthrobacter. All these types of microbes has special properties which make them capable of developing agriculture in true sense. Today microorganism is used as bio-fertilizer along with various micro nutrients, vitamins, growth hormones like Giberrilla and Auxin. Now in modern world of Biotechnology, Biopesticides are also used along with Bio-fertilizers which are helping plant to naturally develop resistance against diseases causing microorganism and pest! Bio-pesticides are the natural chemicals or micro-organism or biochemical which can kill micro-organism or pest naturally and has no effect on mammals as well as environment. It has more advantages as compare to chemical pesticides as it produces very less harmful residues, are biodegradable that is they get digested naturally, does not enter in food chain of animals and mammals !
Bio-fertilizers are broadly categorized in three ways as Nitrogen Fixing, Phosphate mobilizing, and organic matter decomposers. All these have their own type of role and play a very important role in maintaining the health of plant throughout their life cycle, continuing the soil quality and in increasing the yield without any side effect to environment. Thus they are eco-friendly as compared to chemical fertilizers. Microbes which are involved in Nitrogen fixing are – Rhizobium, Azatobacter, and Azospirillium. These microbes contains unique gene called as Nif-Gene which make them capable of fixing nitrogen. Another type is Phosphate mobilizing, these are – Bacillus pseudomonas, Species of Aspergillus species and VA Mycorrhiza . The decomposers of Organic matter are – Cellulomonas and Arthrobacter. All these types of microbes has special properties which make them capable of developing agriculture in true sense. Today microorganism is used as bio-fertilizer along with various micro nutrients, vitamins, growth hormones like Giberrilla and Auxin. Now in modern world of Biotechnology, Biopesticides are also used along with Bio-fertilizers which are helping plant to naturally develop resistance against diseases causing microorganism and pest! Bio-pesticides are the natural chemicals or micro-organism or biochemical which can kill micro-organism or pest naturally and has no effect on mammals as well as environment. It has more advantages as compare to chemical pesticides as it produces very less harmful residues, are biodegradable that is they get digested naturally, does not enter in food chain of animals and mammals !
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