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Cryobiology and its Applications in Healthcare Industry
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Since the year 1663 when a scientist named Henry Power reported the survival of vinegar eels that were frozen by exposure to a keen frost, cryobiologists have been engaged in probing the low temperature limits of life. The area of cryobiology is very vast and encloses everything ranging from the freezing of cells to hypothermia in humans. Even though the objective of cryosurgery is to kill the cells rather than to preserve; it is considered a branch of cryobiology.

Cryosurgery has been utilized in the treatment of to skin lesions for around 100 years. The first cryogens that were utilized include liquid air and compressed carbon dioxide snow. Liquid nitrogen is the currently and most widely used cryogen that became available since the 1940s. Cryosurgery is a minimally invasive method that is utilized for the destruction of unhealthy tissue.

Cryosurgery also called as cryotherapy uses the extreme cold temperature generated by liquid nitrogen or argon gas to destroy abnormal tissue in the body. It is utilized in the treatment of external tumors, such as those that are present on the skin. In case of external tumors, liquid nitrogen is applied to the cancer cells directly with the aid of a cotton swab or with a spraying device.

Cryosurgery is also utilized in the treatment of tumors inside the body that is internal tumors and bone tumors. In case of internal tumors, argon gas or liquid nitrogen is circulated all the way through a hollow instrument known as a cryoprobe, which is positioned so that it is in contact with the tumor. The specialist uses MRI or ultrasound to guide the cryoprobe and monitor the freezing of the cells, thus restricting the damage to close by healthy tissue. Around the probe, a ball of ice crystals is formed that freezes the nearby cells. The probe is positioned into the tumor during surgery or through the skin by percutaneous means. Following cryosurgery, the frozen tissue thaws and is either naturally absorbed by the body as in case with internal tumors, or it dissolves and forms a scab as in case with external tumors.


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RE: Cryobiology and its Applications in Healthcare Industry - by adimed - 10-01-2013, 06:26 AM



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